Your email address will not be published. It was also the last camp liberated by the Allies, on 9 May 1945. If I ever meet up with you I WILL kill you. Thousands were taken to the Baltic Sea where they were executed, and many more were killed by the brutal SS guards and officers. A 97-year-old former secretary to the SS commander of Nazi Germany's Stutthof concentration camp has been found guilty of being an accessory to 10,505 murders. Poland held four trials in Gdask against former guards and kapos of Stutthof, charging them with crimes of war and crimes against humanity. In 1944 she became a guard at the Stutthof Concentration camp. Irmgard Furchner, a stenographer and typist for the SS commander of the Stutthof concentration camp in modern-day Poland, was accused of being a key member of a death camp that murdered. She also personally hanged young female prisoners and beat two women to death with a leather whip. At the age of 24, she accompanied a death march of women from central Poland to Bergen-Belsen. In 1943, the Nazis began drafting women because of the shortage of guards. In early 1945 he survived a "death march" to the west after being freed by the Red Army. In total, 21 women who worked in the concentration camps faced the gallows. [2], The first Polish war crimes tribunal was convened at Gdask, Poland, from April 25, 1946 to May 31, 1946. BERLIN (AP) A 92-year-old former SS private will go on trial this fall in Germany on 5,230 counts of being an accessory to murder, accused of helping the Nazis' Stutthof concentration camp The prisoners were marched in the direction of Lauenburg in eastern Germany. "I was first in Stutthof in August '43 for close to a month and then two other [camps] before I returned at the end of 1944 for a second time," he told the BBC. At her 1945 trial, survivor Dora Silverberg testified that Juana knocked her teeth out when she reported that her friend was very sick and couldnt walk to the working site because she was so weak. Twelve were sentenced to death, including the commander of the guards Johann Pauls, while the remainder were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. Others labored in local brickyards, in private industrial enterprises, in agriculture, or in the camp's own workshops. Detainees had to walk the long distance towards Germany as the Nazi Eastern Front crumbled. I PROMISE. Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a network of forced-labor camps. Originally, it was a civil prison camp for political enemies of the . In December of the same year, a 97-year-old former secretary of the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland was given a two-year suspended prison sentence. Female guards of the Stutthof Concentration Camp at a Gdask war trial held before the Special Law Court between 25th April and 31st May of 1946, Poland. A much higher total was reported by Colonel Howard A. Buechner, the chief medical officer of the 45th Infantry Division, who was at the camp during and after the liberation. Putting names to archive photos, The children left behind in Cuba's mass exodus, In photos: India's disappearing single-screen cinemas. She kicked me so hard that I fell. The major subcamps were Thorn and Elbing. The former secretary, who lives in a care home and is unnamed, had worked at the Stutthof camp near Danzig, in Nazi-occupied Poland. The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by barbed-wire fences. Though there is no evidence linking him to a specific killing, prosecutors argue that as a guard he helped the camp function and "supported the insidious and cruel killing of mainly Jewish prisoners.". He was also tried in juvenile court despite his age, because his crimes were committed when he was a minor. She committed suicide in 1967. She was known for whipping prisoners with her riding crop as she rode past and, according to some accounts, forcing them to have sex with her. The event drew an immense crowd of approximately 200,000 people, and due to humanitarian concerns, authorities refrained from organizing further public executions. At Auschwitz she would pick kids as pets, with one survivor recalling how she dressed one in fine clothing, parading it around like a puppet - only to send the child to the gas chamber when she got bored. After evading capture for a few months, she was recognized and arrested in May 1945. [7], On 5 May 1945, a barge full of starving prisoners was towed into harbour at Klintholm Havn in Denmark where 351 of the 370 on board were saved. In mid-1950s, a number of Nazi concentration camp commandants were sentenced to jail for supervising the murder of Jewish prisoners in gas chambers between 19421944, including Otto Knott[pl], Otto Haupt[pl] and Bernard Ldtke[pl]. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. But the former nurse became known as the Sadist of Stutthof due to the vicious beatings she meted out to inmates at the camp, in Nazi-occupied Poland. [20][21], Lista osob Straconych w wiezieniach Polskich w latach 1944 1956 , IPN, 1990, Zaoga obozu Stutthof (Staff of Stutthof concentration camp), "Odpowiedzialno za zbrodnie popenione w Stutthofie. Karl Koch was hanged in 1944, for embezzling millions from wealthy Germans and, in 1950, Ilse was jailed for life in Germany, for war crimes. [citation needed], Conditions in the camp were extremely harsh;[16] tens of thousands of prisoners succumbed to starvation and disease. In total, 23,566 Jews (including 21,817 women) were transferred to Stutthof from Auschwitz, and 25,053 (including 16,123 women) from camps in the Baltic states. It was also the final camp liberated by the Allies in May 1945. Buffalo shooting - 'Gunman' Gregory Ulrich 'held grudge against docs for refusing him painkillers' before killing nurse. The area was secluded: to the north was the Bay of Danzig, to the east the Vistula Bay, and to the west the Vistula River. Over 65,000 prisoners perished, many of who were Polish Intelligentsia, former politicians, and resistance leaders, as well as 28,000 Jews. 'Gorilla Glue Girl' Tessica Brown is offered a wig by Beyonce's stylist after hair disaster gets EVEN worse. The Stutthof concentration camp in Poland. Shortly before the German surrender, some prisoners were transferred to Malm, Sweden, and released into the care of that neutral country. Cut off by advancing Soviet forces the Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. The Holocaust Encyclopedia estimates that (less officially) some 105 Stutthof subcamps were established throughout northern and central Poland. Edited by G. ukomski, G. Kucharski. The Germans forced the surviving prisoners back to Stutthof. Further in the background is the guard SS-Oberscharfhrer Johann Pauls and several Polish kapos. It is totally illegal, hanging has to be done in a certain way and this was certainly not. Several lesser known trials followed against the staff of various concentration camps. [3] Gassing with Zyklon B began in June 1944. Such marches became common, as the Nazis sought to erase evidence of their crimes, and many of the detainees were killed as the war neared its end. Gassing with Zyklon B gas began in June 1944. It has been estimated that over 25,000 prisoners, one in two, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. Conditions in the camp were brutal. The Stutthof trials were a series of war crime tribunals held in postwar Poland for the prosecution of Stutthof concentration camp staff and officials, responsible for the murder of up to 85,000 prisoners during the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany in World War II. The trial lasted from March 18, 1946 to May 13, 1946. Found guilty of war crimes and sentenced to death. Entry Filed under: 20th Century,Capital Punishment,Concentration Camps,Death Penalty,Execution,Germany,Hanged,History,Mass Executions,Mature Content,Occupation and Colonialism,Poland,Public Executions,Russia,USSR,War Crimes,Women, Tags: 1946, bischofschugel, biskupia gorka, danzig, elisabeth becker, ewa paradies, fascism, franciszek szopinski, gdansk, gerda steinhoff, holocaust, jan breit, jenny wanda barkmann, johann pauls, joseph reiter, july 4, kapos, nazi, naziism, stolzenberg, stutthof, sztutowo, tadeus kopczynski, waclaw kozlowski, wanda klaff, world war ii. Even then, she continued kicking me, then walked away and left me there.. It was approximately 36 km east of the city of Gdansk, where the Visla river flows into the Baltic Sea. Located 22 miles east of Danzig, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp in January 1942. There were 3,000 guards at Stutthof concentration camp alone, and only 50 were convicted. The land was very wet, almost at sea level. [citation needed], The camp staff consisted of German SS guards and, after 1943, the Ukrainian auxiliaries brought in by SS-Gruppenfhrer Fritz Katzmann, the Higher SS and Police Leader of the area. The initiative for the foundation of SS companies dealing in building materials from concentration camps originated in 1937 with regional SS officials in Thuringia, especially the state's Interior Minister Hellmuth Gommlich []. In 1944, as forced labor by concentration camp prisoners became increasingly important in armaments production, a Focke-Wulf aircraft factory was constructed at Stutthof. The first contingent of 2,500 Jewish prisoners arrived from Auschwitz in July 1944. It was in 1943 that Stutthof's population of detainees was dramatically enlarged, from a capacity of 4,000 to 25,000. [7], In late April 1945, the remaining prisoners were removed from Stutthof by sea, since the camp was completely encircled by Soviet forces. His testimony is part of a court case against a 93-year-old former guard. Those whom the SS guards judged too weak or sick to work were gassed in the camp's small gas chamber. Camp's Commandant Johann Pauls - death by hanging 2. The second trial was held from October 8, 1947, to October 31, 1947, before a Polish Special Criminal Court. Rising to the rank of supervisor at 19, she also worked at Auschwitz and Belsen, where she was arrested by British forces in 1945. Bruno Dey, a teenager at the time in question, was convicted of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder. Barkmann, Paradies, Becker, Klaff, Steinhoff (left to right) executed Jenny-Wanda Barkmann (c.1922 - July 4, 1946) was a Nazi concentration camp guard. The Stutthof concentration camp was established by Nazi Germany near the village of the same name, now called Sztutowo and located in Poland's Pomeranian Voivodeship, on 2nd September 1939. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. Journey time by bus is about 80 minutes and costs 14.50z. The number of inmates increased considerably in 1944, with Jews forming a significant proportion of the newcomers. Known, chillingly, as the woman with the dogs, Juana Bormann used trained dogs in sadistic attacks on inmates at Ravensbruck and later Auschwitz, where she served under Irma Grese. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 [2][5], The fourth trial was also held before a Polish Special Criminal Court, from November 19, 1947, to November 29, 1947. Former Stutthof SS guard Bruno Dey, now 93, is standing trial in Germany, charged as an accessory to the murder of 5,230 Jews from 1944 to 1945. . PoznaGniezno 2011, page 131 . Among the 55,000 guards at the concentration camps, 10,000 were women and they were trained to be every bit as vicious as their male counterparts. [1] When the Soviet army began its advance through German-occupied Estonia in July and August 1944, the camp staff of Klooga concentration camp evacuated the majority of the inmates by sea and sent them to Stutthof. Ackermann, who delivered the lamp, said that its base was made from a human foot and shinbone and the shade had tattoos and even nipples. View the list of all donors. [9] The Wuppertal accused denied the allegations and declared that he was not present during the killings, and did not notice anything about it. Washington, DC 20024-2126 Six Polish prisoners, known as kapos, who oversaw forced labor within the camp. Stutthof concentration camps women forced labor death marches. Your email address will not be published. Frankly, a nice sight. per adult (price varies by group size) Private transportation to the Stutthof Concentration Camp 4 hour. "I was told by the museum that the Nazis laid explosives around the buildings and set them on a timer to explode after they had evacuated, but the timer malfunctioned. One prominent inmate and survivor of the Stutthof concentration camp was member of parliament for the Communist Party of Denmark Martin Nielsen, who detailed his deportation to, experience in and ensuing death march from the camp in his book Rapport fra Stutthof ('Report from Stutthof'). [39] On 28 September 2021, Frau Furchner left her home in Hamburg and failed to show for her hearing, she was captured on 30 September 2021 and the hearing was rescheduled for 19 October 2021. Medycyna na usugach systemu eksterminacji ludnoci w Trzeciej Rzeszy i na terenach okupowanej Polski. [14], Stutthof's registered inmates included citizens of 28 countries, and besides Jews and Poles Germans, Czechs, Dutch, Belgians, French, Norwegians, Finns, Danes, Lithuanians, Latvians, Belarusians, Russians, Croats and others. Wow, Geocities links. Subscribe to this by clicking this link:https://www.youtube.com/c/TheFortresssThanks for watching! In November 1941, it became a "labor education" camp (like Dachau), administered by the German Security Police. Hitler shot his brains out in despair. Stutthof was the first Nazi concentration camp to be established on Polish soil, and the last to be dissolved, it grew from 4 to 120 hectares, from 250 prisoners to a maximum of 52,000 prisoners at one time, the SS staff and guards numbered 1,056 on 1 January 1945. Procesy", "KARA MIERCI W GDASKU 19451987 Encyklopedia Gdaska". Erected in 1939, it saw two horrific epidemics of typhus kill thousands of its already dying population in 1942 and 1944. The first trial was held from 25 April to 31 May 1946, against 30 ex-officials and prisoner-guards of the camp. Of the 55,000 guards who worked in the Third Reichs concentration camps, 3,700 were women, many of who were volunteers. If convicted, he faces a possible six months to 10 years in prison. The Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court found all of them guilty of the charges. A group of thirteen ex-officials of the Stutthof concentration camp were arraigned before a Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court at Gdansk, from April 25, 1946 to May 31, 1946. Campo de Concentracion Stutthof, Polonia (Concentration Camp Stutthof, Poland). RIDING through the grounds of Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany, Ilse Koch spotted a tattooed prisoner and pointed him out to a nearby guard - sealing his gruesome fate. SVIZZERA-LOTTO www. The Germans used Stutthof prisoners as forced laborers. [33][34] He was charged as a juvenile, as he was under 21 at the time of the offense. TheUntoldPast has the right to delete any comment with this content inside it and also ban the user from the channel. During the Holocaust, the Aufseherinnen were the female guards in the concentration camps. Apprehended after the war, she was sentenced and publicly hanged in Gdansk. [13] Other sources say that the camp staff shot most remaining inmates in a mass murder. Over 4,000 were sent by small boat to Germany, some to the Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg, and some to camps along the Baltic coast. These were Johann Pauls, SS-Aufseherins Jenny Wanda Barkmann, Elisabeth Becker, Wanda Klaff, Ewa Paradies, Gerda Steinhoff. Standing at 6ft 3in, Hertha Botte was an imposing figure, who also stood out from other SS guards because she wore civilian clothing instead of the hated uniform. In perhaps the last ever Nazi war crimes trial, Irmgard Furchner attended court in Germany for more than a year as prosecutors outlined their case against her. Anyone marching who didn't have the strength was shot," said Mr Goldberg. Austrian Maria Mandl was one of the most notorious SS officers at Auschwitz, where she personally sent over 500,000 female prisoners to the gas chamber. She also personally selected women and children for the gas chambers, on one occasion, in 1944, sending 3,000 to their death. In total, as many as 110,000 people were deported to the camp in the course of its existence. Read more:Poland moves to make it illegal to say 'Polish death camps'. [37] On 23 July 2020, he was given a two-year suspended sentence by the court in Hamburg. In December, a 97-year-old former Nazi camp secretary was found guilty of being complicit in the murder of over 10,000 people at the Stutthof concentration camp that was located in occupied Poland. But the few that took pleasure from the horrors within the walls of the camps proved the female of the species really can be deadlier than the male. At the Auschwitz trial in Krakow, in 1947, Mandl was declared a war criminal and was executed by hanging on Jan. 24, 1948. Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at the Stutthof concentration camp near what is now . The sixth and the last Stutthof trial in Poland took place in 1953 also in Gdask. [3], The camp was established in connection with the ethnic cleansing project that included the liquidation of Polish elites (members of the intelligentsia, religious and political leaders) in the Danzig area and Western Prussia.[1]. But as the war turned against the Germans, the camp was evacuated and thousands of prisoners were sent on a death march. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. [5] It is estimated that between 63,000 and 65,000 prisoners of Stutthof concentration camp and its subcamps died as a result of murder, starvation, epidemics, extreme labour conditions, brutal and forced evacuations, and a lack of medical attention. As the Nazis consolidated their power in the 1930s, many younger people like Barkmann became enthralled by the Fuhrer and joined the Hitler Youth and other equivalents. The Stutthof concentration camp, like every Nazi concentration camp, was an institution for torturing, humiliating and murdering people, a death machine. [13], In October 2019, Bruno Dey from Hamburg was accused of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. HAMBURG, Germany A German court on Thursday found a former Nazi SS camp guard guilty of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder and one case of accessory to attempted murder equal to the number. Set up immediately upon Germanys September 1, 1939 invasion of Poland and not liberated until after official German capitulation in 1945, Stutthoff handled over 100,000 prisoners during its long service. (08.08.2019), One of the last trials against an ex-concentration camp guard began Thursday in Hamburg. From Gdask bus station, board the number 870 bus marked either 'Sztutowo' or 'Krynica Morska' from Platform 2 (Note that the service varies on . The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by barbed-wire fences. SS-Aufseherin Elisabeth Becker - death by hanging 4. The third trial was held from 5 November to 10 November 1947, before a Polish Special Criminal Court. 99 . Germany: Ex-Nazi camp guard dies, ending case against him. [41], In 1999, Artur mijewski filmed a group of nude people playing tag in one of the Stutthof gas chambers, sparking outrage.[42][43][44]. Read about our approach to external linking. In total, the sub-camps held 110,000 prisoners from 25 countries according to the Jewish Virtual Library. She was also notorious for beating inmates unconscious, often with a rubber truncheon, and she once pushed an old lady down a flight of stairs, killing her instantly. Go and do the same, you BNP piece of sh-t. You are fucking FILTH! Stutthof female SS guards trial.jpg 1,209 799; 294 KB Wanda Klaff (cropped).jpg 232 345; 39 KB Categories: Executions of individuals consequent to Nazism Female guards in Nazi concentration camps Stutthof concentration camp Gallows in Poland Biskupia Grka Gdask in the 1940s 1946-07-04 Public execution Non-topical/index: She is believed to have spent her childhood in Hamburg, Germany. Contents Tour to stutthof concentration camp Camp Staff Prisoners Conditions German Court Sentences Ex-Concentration Camp Secretary to Probation Irmgard Furchner, who was in her late teens when she worked in the Stutthof camp, was convicted as the authorities make a. You excuses for human beings are no better than you accuse the National Socialists of being. In 2017, the prosecution of two former Stutthof camp guards from Borken and Wuppertal commenced. Bus Tours. Bothe was sentenced to 10 years in prison for war crimes. Stutthof was a concentration camp in an isolated, marshy, and forested region near the village of Stutthof east of Danzig. [33] Being tried at the age of 94, court proceedings were limited to no more than two hours per day and two non-consecutive days per week. By the end of the war at least 110,000 were deported there, including Jewish detainees and Soviet prisoners of war. Quiz: How well do you know US presidents? Asia Shindelman said many prisoners had to walk hundreds of kilometres with little clothing for the cold weather. This was conflated with the separate debunked rumours of industrial production of human soap in concentration camps, which circulated during the war, and thereafter used as proof of this during the Nuremberg trials. Former Stutthof prisoners volunteered to serve as executioners for the public hanging on July 4, 1946. A former SS guard at a concentration camp, charged with aiding and abetting hundreds of murders, is standing trial in Mnster's district court. The execution of guards of the Stutthof concentration camp on July 4th 1946. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Stutthof. There were also Polish Jews from Warsaw and Bialystok, and Jews from forced-labor camps in the occupied Baltic states, which the Germans evacuated in 1944 as Soviet forces approached. Camp doctors also killed sick or injured prisoners in the infirmary with lethal injections. Again, hundreds of prisoners were forced into the sea and shot. Yolanda Saldvar, The Obsessed Fan Who Murdered Se, 5 Of The Most Infamous Cults in US History, History and Culture of the Blackfeet Nation, Did Pharaoh Akhenaten lay the foundation for Abrah. [15] It is believed that inmates sent for immediate execution were not registered. A former SS guard wept in the dock on the first day of his trial for complicity in mass murder at a Nazi concentration camp during the second world war . Read more:Nazi guard testifies about Stutthof concentration camp, To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video. Semkw states that the presence of human fat tissue has been confirmed in the samples of soapy grease (claimed to be "unfinished soap"[23]) from Danzig presented during the trials through analysis performed by the IPN and Gdask University of Technology in 2011[24][25] and 2006,[26][27] respectively, but his and Tomkiewicz research concluded that this was a byproduct stemming from Spanner's work in bone maceration at the institute unrelated to the Stutthof camp. It was also the final camp liberated by the Allies in May 1945. [1] 4,000 prisoners, including Jewish women and children, were killed in a gas chamber before the evacuation of the camp. As I was lying on the ground she kept kicking. The prosecution accuses her of participating in the murder of inmates in the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland, where she worked as a typist and secretary to the camp commander . GitHub export from English Wikipedia. 2023 BBC. Thousands of SS guards were granted transfers from camps to field service, said Stefan Hrdler, yet Dey had remained at Stutthof until April 1945.
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