how to cite the hague convention bluebook

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how to cite the hague convention bluebook

Follow the general format and examples for books, provided in the relevant section of this Citation Guide. 1. In civil law jurisdictions, there is more . Case Name (Parties), Court Document Type, [year of reporter] Reporter | first page. 3. One of the purposes for which the First Hague Peace Conference of 1899 was convened was "the revision of the declaration concerning the laws and customs of war elaborated in 1874 . Treaty Between the United States of America and the Republic of Uruguay Concerning the Encouragement and Reciprocal Protection of Investment art. how to cite the hague convention bluebook. The following is a list of suggested resources that can be used to locate IHL treaties. Post author: Post published: junho 10, 2022; Post category: the gridlessness family; Post comments: . kenworth fan clutch solenoid location; sara gilbert baby father; jeffrey berns, wife; how to add follower count command nightbot; will gregg marshall coach again The rules embodied in the Regulations were partly reaffirmed and developed by the two Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 adopted in 1977. The Conference of 1899 succeeded in adopting a Convention on land warfare to which Regulations are annexed. In advisory opinions, no parties are listed. Examples include: A/ for General Assembly; E/ for Economic and Social Council; S/ for Security Council. 363, 658 U.N.T.S. Place the short title in brackets at the end of the citation. ); T.I.A.S. 2555, T.I.A.S. pp 215-222. ; Since law school work focuses on academic writing, this guide describes and explains the rules in the Whitepages section. Free Online Treaty Collections: Historical, National, Regional, and Subject-Specific, Georgetown University Law Library. xx. If parties can accede to the treaty, cite the full date upon which the treaty was opened for signature. The 2005 study consists of two volumes: volume I (rules) and volume II (practice). The Swiss Federal Archives has digitized much of the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols, and they are viewable from their website. This research guide provides a general introduction to researching international humanitarian law. 2410, 610 U.N.T.S. eds., 21st ed. Case Name (Parties, if any) (year), Court Document Type, reporter (series) Number of case. hb```B eam)rngfNt Q].Fs/8)QyZ#DQAIAPhh0@Ze10Ff`8Y:=+Lw33m93q|_3\wWgpgzDgO@O?@$wsS |C When citing current or prior decisions of these bodies, include the following elements, as appropriate. Again, note that these are usually links to unofficial sources online. When citing a case before the Court of Justice of the European Union (formerly the Court of Justice of the European Communities) or the General Court (formerly the Court of First Instance), use the following elements. 609; 26 I.L.M. Cite to one of the sources listed in rule 21.4.5(a)(i) above, and additionally, a parallel citation The Convention of 1899 remains in force as between the Powers which signed it, and which do not also ratify the present Convention. Other international treaty series - e.g. International Legal Materials (I.L.M.). citation or a League of Nations Treaty Series (L.N.T.S.) Should the treaty not appear in ILM, you would need to cite to another unofficial treaty source, such as the Consolidated Treaty Series (Consol. Any comments, suggestions, or requests to republish or adapt a guide should be submitted using the, https://guides.ll.georgetown.edu/TreatyResearch, Drafting Histories (Travaux Prparatoires), Full-Text Sources -- Multiple Jurisdictions, Full-Text Sources -- Single Jurisdictions, Quick Citation Reference Tool for Frequently Cited Treaties, Frequently Cited Treaties and Other International Instruments, Cite one of the following official sources, which are listed in order of preference: U.S.T. houseboat netherlands / brigada pagbasa 2021 memo region 5 / how to cite the hague convention bluebook. The Paris Convention, adopted in 1883, applies to industrial property in the widest sense, including patents, trademarks, industrial designs, utility models, service marks, trade names, geographical indications and the repression of unfair competition. If neither of those can be obtained, Rule 21.4.5(c) requires a cite to I.L.M. Bluebook Citation: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, Mar. Here is an example of a citation to a multilateral treaty formatted according to Rule 21.4: North Atlantic Treaty art. For an in-depth overview of conducting treaties research, please visit the UNC Law Library's, United States Treaties and Other International Agreements (U.S.T.) 78 U.N.T.S. The library develops this collection with purchased and donated items. Legal Status of Eastern Greenland (Denmark v Norway) (1933), PCIJ (Ser A/B) No 53. Case Concerning the Delimitation of the Territorial Waters between the Island of Castellorizo and the Coasts of Anatolia, Order of 26 January 1933, PCIJ (Ser A/B) No 51. Unlike the U.S. interest, the French interest could be . The Conference of 1899 succeeded in adopting a Convention on land warfare to which Regulations are annexed. Cites include Bluebook-preferred sources. n.d. statement by ahmed djoghlaf executive secretary of the convention on biological diversity at the opening . The Hague Evidence Convention (Hague Convention of March 18, 1970 on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Matters, 23 U.S.T. (View the page cited) for other volumes: 3 Annals of Cong. If the treaty does not appear in any of the above required sources, cite to International Legal Materials (ILM), available in print and online. The Hague, 29 July 1899. When citing a report of a UN body or subcommittee, include the name of the body and subcommittee and abbreviate the author information. The Bluebook: a Uniform System of Citations (Cambridge, Mass. The seat of the Court shall be established at The Hague in the Netherlands ("the host State"). Note: If you are citing a UN document from an online source -, Authors should exercise caution when including URLs for official United Nations documents. Introduction; Purposes of Legal Citation; Types of Citation Principles; Levels of Mastery; Citation in Transition When citing United Nations materials, provide as much information as possible, to assist the reader in locating the source cited. 1125 U.N.T.S. xx) In the below example of an in-text citation, the article and paragraph numbers . If you do not know what the abbreviations in rule 21.4: Treaties stand for, Table 4 of The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation(Columbia Law Review Ass'n et al. Italicize the case name provided in the official reporter. Includes news, reports and information about implementation, including national legislation. CITES - Official Bluebook Compliant Text. ; Senate Treaty Documents or Senate Executive Documents; the Department of State Dispatch; Department of State Press Releases. 2253 U.N.T.S. ; The Whitepages section: citation rules for legal academic publications, including law journal articles. 248-249). See Treaties and Agreements: Researching Multilateral Treaties for more advice on researching treaties and agreements. Article 2 To review the treaties available through the UN's website, please visit this link. 480 UNTS 43; 14 UST 1313; 2 ILM 889 (1963), 729 UNTS 161; 7 ILM 8809 (1968); 21 UST 483, most-cited treaties, frequently-cited treaties, legal citations for treaties, https://libguides.law.umn.edu/frequentlycitedtreaties, Frequently-Cited Treaties & Other International Instruments, Charter of the International Military Tribunal, Aug. 8, 1945, Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field, Aug. 12, 1949, Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea, Aug. 12, 1949, Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Dec. 9, 1948, Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction, Apr. Report of the International Law Commission, UNGAOR, 63rd Sess, Supp No 10, UN Doc A/63/10 (2008). pug puppies for sale in parkersburg, wv; fatima sana shaikh relationship 1970 ford torino for sale; federal premium barnes tsx 300 win mag the earlier of the two dates). Seja bem vindo ao mundo dos esportes . The Convention on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or Commercial Mattersmore commonly referred to as the Hague Evidence Conventionis a multilateral treaty which was drafted under the auspices of the Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCPIL). 106-1; 249 U.N.T.S. NOTE: citations provided do not necessarily follow the current edition of Bluebook, so double-check the citation with the current edition of Bluebook and/or your law review editors. . Universal Declaration of Human Rights, GA Res 217A (III), UNGAOR, 3rd Sess, Supp No 13, UN Doc A/810 (1948) 71. 1. 5. Include the UN document number after the meeting information. This Convention determines the law applicable to matrimonial property regimes. This treaty database is particularly useful for older treaties, as the database offers access to treaties from 1648 to present. This unique identifier or document symbol is generally found on the top right corner of an official UN document and is made up of a combination of letters and numbers. The . Doc. The EISIL's page on IHL materials provides access to basic sources and alo provides the following topic-specific pages: Each individual page provides links to IHL treaties materials. The Meaning of "Habitual Residence" Under the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction and the Hague Convention on the Protection of Children Jeff Atkinson Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/olr Part of the Family Law Commons, and the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Note: Jurisprudence and publications of the European Court of Human Rights, the European Commission of Human Rights and the Committee of Ministers (resolutions) are available in the Courts case database (HUDOC), accessible at . In 1946 the Nremberg International Military Tribunal stated with regard to the Hague Convention on land warfare of 1907: "The rules of land warfare expressed in the Convention undoubtedly represented an advance over existing International Law at the time of their adoption but by 1939 these rules were recognized by all civilized nations and were regarded as being declaratory of the laws and customs of war" (reprinted in AJIL, Vol. 0 Cite to one of the official U.S. treaty sources outlined in Rule 21.4.5 (a) (i). This unique identifier or document symbol is generally found on the top right corner of an official UN document and is made up of a combination of letters and numbers. Indicate the names of the Parties in italics. If the U.S. is not a party to the treaty, apply rule 21.4.5(b). Get access. specific point in the source, such as section, article etc) to the end of the citation. One of the purposes for which the First Hague Peace Conference of 1899 was convened was "the revision of the declaration concerning the laws and customs of war elaborated in 1874 by the Conference of Brussels, and not yet ratified" (Russian circular note of 30 December 1898). To cite a multilateral convention, Rule 21.4.5(a)(ii) of The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, 20th ed., requires a U.S. source, if therein, with an optional parallel citation to a multilateral source. Database Access Note: access to certain databases linked to in this guide may be restricted to members affiliated with the U of M Law School or the U of M Twin Cities campus. Explanatory Report on the 1980 HCCH Child Abduction Convention; Elisa Prez-Vera; 1982. The number of sources cited will vary, depending on the type of treaty and whether or not the U.S. is a party. A parallel citation may be added to a source published by an international organization, such as U.N.T.S., L.N.T.S., O.A.S.T.S., Pan-Am., T.S., O.J., E.T.S. Please see our Databases Directory for further information on access privileges. GA Dec 62/557, UNGAOR, 62rd Sess, Supp No 49, (Vol III), UN Doc A/63/49 (15 September 2008). These publications do not have UN Document Symbols. This website was created to host information on the implementation of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, signed in New . 6, Oct. 25, 2004, 44 I.L.M. The main topical areas for IHL treaties in the database are: The database also contains a specific page dedicated to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Additional Protocols, which provides a convenient way to view the treaty and its later protocols in chronological order. Access to some of the databases in this guide is restricted to members affiliated with the Law School or the University of Minnesota Twin Cities campus. The United Nations serves as the depositary for hundreds of multilateral treaties, including many IHL treaties. British and Foreign State Papers. See Harold G. Maier, A Hague Conference Judgments Convention and United States Courts: A Problem and a Possibility, 61 ALB. In order to view a complete, reliable version of a treaty, you will need to obtain a citation to a treaty reporter series or view the treaty on the website of the depositary. Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. No. There are two basic approaches to citation: In-text citations + a list of references at the end of the paper. 1, Aug. 6, 1982, 35 U.S.T. Hague Conference on Private International Law, Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations, Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. how to cite the hague convention bluebook. Cite to one source published by an international organization, if the treaty appears therein. Doc. Abbreviate the relevant UN Body and include the number of the resolution or decision. Treaty citations are governed by Rule 21.4 of TheBluebook KF245 .U5 2020. The Court shall enter into a headquarters agreement with the host State, to be approved by the Assembly of States Parties and thereafter concluded by the President of the Court on its behalf. GA Res 832 (IX), UNGAOR, 9th Sess, Supp No 21, UN Doc A/2890 (21 October 1954) 19. Focus: Bluebook-compliant treaty sources. Surprisingly for many researchers, The Bluebook requires citations to United States publications over citations to publications from international bodies, such as the United Nations. If a resolution is better known by its title, include the popular name of the resolution in italics. The most basic type of publication is a UN document, which is a document submitted to a UN body for consideration, usually in connection with an item on its agenda. All rights reserved. Include the supplement number of the Official Record or relevant annex item number, as appropriate. This is not a UNHCR publication. A citation to a treaty or other international agreement should include the agreement's name; parties, if applicable; the subdivision referred to, if applicable; the date of signing; and the source(s) in which the treaty can be found. If a treaty does not appear in a source published by an international organization, researchers can cite to the treaty in the unofficial document collection: Abbreviated names of treaty parties (include, Reference to a specific treaty article (example: art. Multilateral treaty & U.S. is not a party: Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties art. This guide will help you with legal citation for the most common types of international law materials. Decisions and other documents of the PCIJ are published in seven series lettered A to F, including A/B. https://guides.library.ubc.ca/legalcitation, Treaties and Other International Agreements, UN Documents: Meetings and Verbatim Records, UN Documents: Resolutions, Decisions, Reports, http://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Note_citation_ENG.pdf, http://www.un.org/en/documents/index.html. Commission v Poland, C-227/07, [2008] ECR I-8403 at I-8410. Include C- to indicate a decision of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) or its former body, if available; include T- to indicate a decision of the General Court or its former body. Include the case application number for earlier decisions, if available. If Treaties in Forceindex does not reference a recentU.S. treaty, try consulting these U.S. Department of State Office of Treaty Affairsweb pages: Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London (host). To review the treaties available through the UN's website, please visit this, Switzerland is the official depositary for the, The ICRC database provides access to dozens of IHL treaties organized by topic, State, and date. Id. Official Records: When citing the meeting records, resolutions, decisions or reports of a major UN body or subsidiary body, cite to the Official Records, which also include supplements and annexes. In 1999, the current European Court of Human Rights replaced the former European Court of Human Rights and the European Commission on Human Rights. As a party to the Convention, the United States has a vital sovereign interest in ensuring that Where the Commission, Council or Parliament of the European Union is one of the parties, abbreviate the name as Commission, Council or Parliament, as appropriate, and italicize the case name. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, Jan. 13, 1993. The principal organs of the UN include: the General Assembly (GA); the Security Council (SC); the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC); the Trusteeship Council (TC); Secretariat (ST). The "Treaty Index" offers multiple search options, including keywrods, title, country, citation, date, and subject area. The treaty was negotiated in 1967 and 1968 and signed in The Hague on 18 March 1970. at 10,494. As between the parties to the 1907 Convention, this Convention has replaced the 1899 Convention (see Article 4 of the 1907 Convention). By Posted split sql output into multiple files In tribute to a mother in twi in Brief; Citing Agency Material . If you are citing to a treaty in a law review article, The Bluebook is very particular about what resources to cite. If referring to an order, include the full date, but do not use brackets or parentheses. Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies art. The term UN Publications, however, refers to any written materials issued by the United Nations to the general public. a pull-down menu of links to preferred treaty sources, 1. Also offers template: International Agreements by Popular Name. Otherwise, cite the full date that it was signed or adopted. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, March 3rd, 1973, 993 U.N.T.S. Congress.gov offers a citation tool that provides support for several citation formats. The extent to which they are referred to depends on the tradition of the court or of individual judges. The International Military Tribunal for the Far East expressed, in 1948, an identical view. The Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters is a multilateral treaty signed in The Hague on 15 November 1965. UN resolutions, decisions and reports of a principal organ or subsidiary body are published in supplements to the Official Records. 205. For more information, please feel free to contact Ryan directly, 2022 Yale Law Library Lillian Goldman Law Library. UNGAOR, 56th Sess, 1st Plen Mtg, UN Doc A/56/PV.1 (12 September 2001). This database is an online version of the ICRC's study on customary international humanitarian law (IHL), originally published by Cambridge University Press in 2005. Use the year in which the treaty was entered into force (i.e. The Law Library has prepared a book display in the Reading Room on L3 entitled Constitutionalism: Global and Comparative Perspectives. This book You are invited to view a new library exhibit on YLS alumnus Wang Chung-hui (LL.M 1903, D.C.L. See also First Protocol to the Hague Convention of 1954 for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, May 14,1954, above; Second Protocol to the Hague Convention of 1954 for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, March 26, 1999, below. Note, however, that these are HTML copies of the treaties - they are, The database also contains a specific page dedicated to the, Each individual page provides links to IHL treaties materials. The Bluebook style guide is used in the American legal profession for citation of all relevant sources. UNSCOR, 59th Sess, 4893rd Mtg, UN Doc S/PV.4893 (15 January 2004). endstream endobj 279 0 obj <. UST citation: UN TS citation "Geneva I" Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field: Aug. 12, 1949: 6 U.S.T. (Access limited to UNC Community.). Id. If not, then cite to an official source published by one of the state parties to the agreement, indicating the name of the jurisdiction in parentheses if it is not clear from the context. 7 See New York Convention, supra note 2, art. One of the purposes for which the First Hague Peace Conference of 1899 was convened was "the revision of the declaration concerning the laws and customs of war elaborated in 1874 by the Conference of Brussels, and not yet ratified" (Russian circular note of 30 December 1898). A collection of full-text conference proceedings, reports and drafts related to the adoption of the Geneva Conventions, as well as the complete Proceedings of the Hague Peace Conferences of 1899 and 1907, which can be directly accessed at this link. For decisions of the Permanent Court of International Justice, include the year of decision in parentheses. Thoma v Luxembourg, No 38432/97, [2001] III ECHR 67, 36 EHRR 21. This series is also on. 3114: 75 U.N.T.S. how to cite the hague convention bluebook. United States Treaties and Other International Agreements (U.S.T.) This international agreement was the first major step taken to help creators ensure that their intellectual works were protected in other . If the treaty has not been published in any official source, cite to one of the unofficial sources in Rule 21.4.5 (c). The ICRC database provides access to dozens of IHL treaties organized by topic, State, and date. 277 ( Bluebook rule 21.4.5 (a) (ii)). Nov. 15, 1965, 20 U.S.T. Include the names of the parties involved, in parentheses, separated by v, if not indicated in the case name, and italicize the names. 11 - Planning the Choice of Forum: Choice of Court under the Hague Convention and Arbitration under the New York Convention. If you find a cite to the treaty, copy the cite. As well, when citing law journal articles, textbooks, and other sources of scholarly teachings pertaining to international law, follow the general format and examples provided in the relevant section of this Citation Guide. cardmember services web payment; is there a mask mandate in columbus ohio 2022; bladen county mugshots; exercises to avoid with tailbone injury; pathfinder wrath of the righteous solo kineticist TIP: This guide's top-level tab: Rule 21.4 of Bluebook provides a pull-down menu of links to preferred treaty sources highlighted in The Bluebook's treaty rule. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States. The present Convention shall be rati ed as soon as possible. United Nations Treaty Collection, MTDSG, tab: Provides cites/parties to multilateral treaties registered or filed with the United Nations. at *4 (citation omitted). Export citation. Include the case application number for decisions rendered after 1999. 1087. As such they are also binding on states which are not formally parties to them. 31 "Geneva II" Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea: Aug. 12 . The following will serve as a guide on citation. Table 1: A list of (1) reporters* and reporter abbreviations, (2) courts and court abbreviations, and (3) preferred sources to cite for federal courts and each state's courts. 278 0 obj <> endobj UNTS (United Nations Treaty Series), LNTS (League of Nations Treaty Series), CTS (Consolidated Treaty Series). Each UN document has a UN Document Symbol. SC Res 508, UNSCOR, 37th Year, UN Doc S/INF/38 (5 June 1982) 5. (or T.S. It provides a framework of rules relating to exclusive jurisdiction agreements (also known as forum selection clauses or choice of court agreements) in civil and commercial matters, and the subsequent recognition and enforcement of a judgment given by a court of a contracting state designated in the jurisdiction . Table 7: Abbreviations for court names that you would use in the event a court abbreviation . Consult. Again, note that these are usually links to unofficial sources online. http://undocs.org/A/RES/67/97. (Dag Hammarskjold Library). in Brief; The Bluebook; ALWD Citation Manual; eBook. 5 (noting exclusions). This research guide provides guidance on how to conduct treaties research where the United States is a party to the treaty, and it also provides suggestions for conducting treaties research where the United States is not a party to the treaty. Title: Blue Book Online (real-time version of the Blue Book, updated constantly) This publication is prepared by the Protocol and Liaison Service for information purposes only. Note: The U.S. Library of Congress also provides access to Geneva Convention materials through their website. The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, prescribes the most commonly used legal citation system for law professionals in the United States. ), try entering a Publication Citation in this format: 2 UST 938. The Library of the European Court of Human Rights has a rich collection of material on the European Convention of Human Rights, the European Court of Human Rights, as well as material on human rights, international law, national legislation and case-law. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States. The most common citation is to . The present Convention shall apply in all cases, in civil or commercial matters, where there is occasion to transmit a judicial or extrajudicial document for service abroad. Note that it is also appropriate, if you prefer, to use roman typeface, rather than italics, for treaty titles provided that you are consistent throughout your document. It guarantees human rights protections to people in the Council of Europe's member nations. 4, 1949, 63 Stat. Explanatory Report on the 1986 HCCH Sales Convention; Arthur T. von Mehren; 1987. It entered into force in 1972. Contact: kathryn.james@yale.edu, Citing a Treaty According to The Bluebook. Include the title of a UN decision or report in italics, if applicable. Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction: Publisher: Hague Conference on Private International Law: . xx, para. where does blue ridge parkway start and end; heritage christian school basketball; modern business solutions change password; boise firefighter paramedic salary NOTE: citations provided do not necessarily follow the current edition of Bluebook, so double-check the citation with the current edition of Bluebook and/or your law review editors. Earlier decisions were reported in a number of print collections. It is another useful online resource for citation information. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (adopted 28 July 1951, entered into force 22 April 1954) 189 UNTS 137 (Refugee Convention) art 33, Agreement Concerning the Sojourn of Refugees within the Meaning of the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (Geneva Convention of 28 July 1951 and Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees of 31 January 1967) (FranceAustria) (Adopted 21 October 1974, entered into force 24 July 1975) 985 UNTS 303, The Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Library - Geneva - Switzerland, How to locate texts of treaties and international conventions in the Library and on the Internet, https://libguides.graduateinstitute.ch/treaties, Environmental Law, Human Rights, Law of the Sea, The Bluebook: a Uniform System of Citations. To locate and verify citation information for documents from the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, and the Secretariat, access the UN Documentation Center. The Conference of 1899 succeeded in adopting . One of the purposes for which the First Hague Peace Conference of 1899 was convened was "the revision of the declaration concerning the laws and customs of war elaborated in 1874 by the Conference of Brussels, and not yet ratified" (Russian circular note of 30 December 1898). The four Geneva Conventions and their additional Protocols form the modern framework for the treatment of soldiers, prisoners of war and non-combatants during wartime. Article 10(a) of the Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters (Convention or Hague Service Convention), done.

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